Physical Activity Associated with Lower Heart Disease Mortality
In the past few weeks a fair number of papers have been published on the very straightforward relationship between exercise and cardiovascular mortality, and here is another of them. A mountain of past data demonstrates the association between greater activity and lower mortality in later life, but in human studies it is usually difficult to prove causation. For that we can turn to the equally large mountain of animal data, where experiments can be constructed to prove that differences in mortality are caused by differences in physical activity. Given all of this evidence, it would be foolish not to try to lead a more active life, and thereby suffer less in the years ahead.
Being physically inactive - sitting for long periods of time - can be so harmful to your health that experts sometimes call it "sitting disease." In fact, worldwide, physical inactivity is estimated to cause some 3.2 million deaths a year. Medical experts know that regular physical activity lessens death from all causes and death from heart disease specifically for middle-aged people. However, until now, little has been known about the benefits of exercise for older people when it comes to deaths associated with heart disease.
A new study examined whether regular leisure-time physical activity could reduce deaths from all causes, and whether it also could reduce deaths from cardiovascular disease. To study this association, researchers examined information taken from 2,465 men and women aged 65 to 74 who participated in a national health study conducted between 1997 and 2007 in Finland. The participants answered a questionnaire that assessed their lifestyle habits, including whether they smoked or engaged in exercise. Researchers also knew the participants' level of education, height and weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. The research team followed the participants through the end of 2013. Then, they consulted the Finnish mortality register to determine how many of the participants had died (and what caused their deaths).
The researchers discovered that moderate- as well as high-levels of physical activity were associated with a decreased risk of heart disease and death from all causes, including from events such as strokes or heart attacks. Physical activity works in several ways to improve your heart's health. Exercise helps people maintain a healthy body weight, lowers blood pressure, reduces the risk of blood clots, helps stabilize blood sugar levels, and improves the ratio of unhealthy LDL to healthy HDL cholesterol in your body. If you are already moderately active, that is enough to make a positive impact on your health. If you're sedentary and become more active - even by taking several short walks around your home each day - you can improve your health significantly, and lower your risk of heart disease.